Saturday, 12 May 2018

Meaning of 'बिन्त-ए-दिल' song

                      
            We always like to listen a good songs, with good rhyming, beautiful words, soulful voice of singers. But if we knows the complete meaning of any song, it could add more delight in your listening.
             
              Here I am going to give the meaning of the song बिन्त-ए-दिल sung by Arjit singh in Padmavat movie of Sanjay Leela Bhansali.









Background of the Song.

 ये गीत अलाउद्दिन खिलजी को मुखातिब (Address to) करके लिखा गया हैजो एक तरह का मशवरा (Advice) या हिदायत (Instruction)  कह सक्ते है खिलजी को मलिक कफूर ( He was a prominent eunuch slave-general of the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin       Khalji.) की तरफ से. अलाउदिन के लिये ये मशवरा है के अपनी उस माशूका का खयाल अपने ज़हेन (Mind) से कुछ वख्त के लिये ही सही मगर निकाल दे जो काफी दूर हैना ही सिर्फ जिस्मानी तौर पर लेकीन उनके खयालो मे भीउस का खयाल निकाल दे (कुछ वख्त के लिये) जिनका दिदार भी अभी तक उन्हे नसीब नही हो पाया हैऔर उसकी सोहबत (Accompany) का लुत्फ (Enjoy) उठाये जो अभी उनके पास है. 

Meaning of the Song

"बिन्त-ए-दिल" (Song)

"बिन्त-ए-दिल मिसरियां में"

बिन्त: Girl   

बिन्त-ए-दिल: The heart of a girl

मिसरियांं: Egypt

This is a metaphorical line, two meanings can be derived from this line.

1.बिन्त-ए-दिल मिसरियां में

 लडकी का दिल मिस्र (Egypt) में है. (The girl's heart is in Egypt).

Meaning (First)

1.इससे शायद ये कहेने की कोशिश की गइ है के एक लडकी है जिसका दिल मिस्र में हैमतलब वो लडकी अकेलापन महेसूस कर रही जैसे कोइ इन्सान तपते हुए मिस्र के रेगिस्तान मेंगर्म हवाओं में बिखरी हुइ रेत मेंजहां पर हर तरफ एक जैसा ही मंजर है जो कीसी भी राही की राहो को धुंधला बना कर रख देती हैपानी की प्यास लबों को सुखा बना देती हैसुखे रेगिस्तान की तन्हाइ किसी को भी अकेला बना देती है ठीक उसी तरह कवि कीसी लडकी को मुखातिब कर के कह रहे है के उसका वजूद तो मेरे सामने है (यांनी सब लोगो के बिछ मै है) मगर फिर भी वो अकेलापन महेसूस कर रही हैजैसे उसका दिल कही मिस्र में हो.

Meaning (Second)

2. इसका दुसरा मतलब ये निकाला जा सक्ता है के एक लडकी है जो मिस्र की खूबसुरत लडकीयों के तरह दिखती हैजिसकी खूबसुरती बेजान दिल को भी धडकने पर मजबुर कर सक्ति है.

(A question can be raised in our mind that for a beauty, why poet took reference to the beautiful girls only from Egypt, not other country? reason would be that Malik Kafur might belong to the Egypt, and as this song is sung by Malik Kafur in the movie, the reference to the Egypt taken by A.M Turaz (Lyricist of this song) would be the native place of Malik Kafur.)

"पेश है कुल शबाब खिदमत-ए आली जनाब
आतिश-कदा अदाओं से जल उठेगा 
आपके दिदा-ए-तर का हिजाब"

कुल: तमामसब (Entire, whole)

शबाब: जवानी (Youth)

आतिश: आगअग्नी (Fire)

कदा: जगह 

आतिश कदा: Fire place (वह जगह जहां पर पूजा की आग रहेती है)

दिदा-ए-तर: गिली आंखे (Wet eyes)

हिजाब: पर्दा (Veil)

पेश है कुल शबाब खिदमत-ए आली जनाब:

सभी लोग/उनकी जवानी आपकी खिदमत में हाजिर है जनाब. 

Meaning (First)

1.खिलजी को मुखातिब करके लिखी गइ ये लाइन हैजिसका मतलब ये है केसभी लोग (खिलजी की सल्तनत की अवाम [लोग, People])उनकी जिन्दगी के बहेतरीन दोर में यानी की उनकी जवानी में उनकी खिदमत (Service) में हाजिर है. खिलजी के लिये उनके लोग अपने जवानी भी कुरबान करने को तैयार है. 

Meaning (Second)

2.इसका दूसरा मतलब ये है की खिलजी के लिये उनके मुलाज़िम अपनी औरत/औरतोंं (As शबाब word often use for a young lady/girl in many Bollywood movies as well as songs) को भी उनकी खिदमत में लगाने के लिये राजी है.

(It is a kind suggestion for Khilji not to go for the lady/beauty whom he has not yet seen once/Padmavati. It suggest to not go elsewhere rather enjoy the service of their own people in the prime of their life.)

आतिश-कदा अदाओं से जल उठेगा 
आपके दिदा-ए-तर का हिजाब

Here is also two meanings can be got from this lines.

आतिश-कदा अदाओं से

सुलगती अदाओंं से 

Meaning (First)

1. इसका एक मतलब ये निकाला जा सक्ता है के यहां कफूर खुबसूरती की तारिफ करते हुए कह रहे है के यहां की हसीन लडकीयों की खुबसूरती इतनी नूरानी और रौशनदार है जिसकी चमक से ये किसी भी चीज को जला सक्ती है./किसीको भी अपनी रौशनी से मदहोश कर सक्ती है.

Meaning (Second)

2. इसका दुसरा मतलब ये हो सक्ता है के कफूर खिलजी को इत्तिलाह (Warn) करना चाहते है के पद्मावती ना ही बेहद खुबसूरत है बल्के इतनी मुकद्दस (पाक, Holy) है के उनकी नूरानियत से वो किसीको भी जला के खाक कर सक्ती है. (Here poet would have been portrayed the power of Suryavanshi's through the metaphor beauty of Padmavati. may be that's why Kafur tries to prevent Khilaji from going for Padmavati and enjoy the)

जल उठेगा आपके दिदा-ए-तर का हिजाब.

आपकी गिली आंखो का पर्दा जल उठेगा.

Meaning (First)

यहां की औरतो की खुबसूरती की तेज रौशनी से आपकी आंखो का पर्दा जो की पद्मावती का दिदार पाने को बेचैन हैजो पर्दा गम के आंसूओ से लबालब है वो जल उठेगा और आप अपने गम भूलके एक अलग ही रूहानी अहेसास को महेसूस कर पाएंगेसिर्फ आप एक निगाह डालिये तो सही इस खुबसूरती पर.

Meaning (Second)

दुसरा मतलब ये हो सक्ता है के पद्मावती की खुबसूरती (The power of Suryavanshi's) इतनी तेज हो के अपनी सल्तनत के सबसे बूलंद होने पर उनकी आंखे जो खुशी से नम हुइ है वो जल जाएगा (A metaphorical meaning can be derived that Suryavanshis could melt the arrogance of Khilji with the fire of their power and their bravery, they can melt the whole empire of Khilji) 

(In both the lines the first meaning would be more applicable rather the the second one).

मयकश लबों पे आने लगी है
प्यासी कुर्बते
हैरत-जदा ठिकाने लगी है
सारी फुरकतें

मयकश: शराब पीने वाला (Drinker)


कुर्बत: नजदिकी, निकटता (Closeness, Nearness)


हैरत-जदा: आश्चर्य चकित (Amazed, Surprised)


फुरकत: जुदाइ, वियोग (Separation)


मयकश लबों पे आने लगी है प्यासी कुर्बते.


प्यासी नजदिकीया मयकश लबों (होठ, Lips) पर आने लगी है


Meaning.

मयकश लब, जो हरदम शराब में डुबे रहेते है उन लबों पर प्यास की मुश्किलात नजर आ रही है, जो अब थोडे सुखे (प्यासे) लग रहे है. उसे लग रहा है के वो प्यास बस अब बुजने ही वाली है, यानी के उसकी प्रेमिका उससे बेहद करीब है, उससे उतनी नजदिक है के उसे अब अपने लबों की प्यास बुजाने के लिये शराब (मय) की जरूरत नही है, उसकी महेबूबा के लबों से उसके प्यासे लबों की प्यास बस बुजने ही वाली है.

हैरत-जदा ठिकाने लगी है सारी फुरकतें.

ताज्जुब (Surprised) होकर जुदाइ ठिकाने लगी है.


Meaning.

जो जुदाइ का अहेसाह (Feeling) था उसके लबों पर वो सब इतनी नजदिकीया देखकर, हैरत-जदा होकर अब दूर हो चुका है (ठिकाने लगे है), जो फासला था वो अब नही रहा है उन दोनो के दरमियान.


आरिजो पे मेरे लिख जरा
रिफ'अते चाहतों का सिला.

आरिज: 1.रुख्सार, गाल (Cheeks) 

              2. Something or someone who tries to stop you.

रिफ'अत: खुश (Joyous)


सिला: (Reward) 


आरिजो पे मेरे लिख जरा

रिफ'अते चाहतों का सिला.

मेरे गालों पर लिख जरा

खुशियों और चाहतो का सिला

Meaning (First)

जब में उनकी महोब्बत में था तो में उसके इश्क की गहेराइ, उसका क्या मंजर था, हमारी महोब्बत कितनी शानदार थी, उन सबका सिला तु मेरे गालो पे लिख जरा.

Meaning. (Second)


(here the word आरिज means something or someone tries to stop you) मेरे दुश्मनो पर, मुजे इश्क में जो फतेह हासिल हुइ/होगी उसके बारे मे लिखना. जो लोग मुजे रोकते थे या मुजसे जलते थे उन लोगो पर मेरी महोब्बत को लेकर कहांंनियांं लिखना.
(Here, second meaning is seems more fair then the first).








Saturday, 7 April 2018

Thinking Activity on Deconstruction


What do you understand by 'Deconstruction'? 
First of all Deconstruction is really a bit difficult to understand, and one reason is that Derrida does not define the Deconstruction. First of all he asks that question that is it possible to define anything once and for all?  Or at what extent can we define something? So he denies to define  deconstruction.
Derrida’s position is more  philosophical than real. He proves theoretically, not practically.
First of all Deconstruction is not a destructive activity, but it is an inquiry into the foundations of every thing. Deconstructionist critics goes deep into the foundation of text and then they try to subvert , undermine it. Derrida says that every text contains element which  can deconstruct itself.


Read an ad or TV serial or Film or literary text as post-structuralist critic. Be brief, precise and to the point.
Here I would like give an example of advertisements of beauty supplements, as ad always shows us the that one person become fairer skin by using particular skin cream, but is there any real incident where we can find that kind of results? obviously no and though we regularly using such supplements.   

Thinking Activity on Structuralism

Being a structuralist critic, how would you analyse literary text or TV serial or Film? You can select any image or TV serial or film or literary text or advertisement. Apply structuralist method and post your write up on your blog. Give link of that blog-post in the comment section under this blog.




What is Structuralism.
In literary theory, Structuralism is an approach to analyzing the narrative material by examining the underlying invariant structure .There are many Structuralist critics like Ferdinand Saussure, Gerard Genette, Roland Barthes, Claude Levi-Strauss etc. Structuralist critics found basic common structure in every work. As all the human beings  have a same structure from inside, similarly literature has basic structure and it is same everywhere whether it movies, TV serials or advertisement etc.

In my opinion various structures could be find behind particular genres of literature and movies such as love story, revenge story, comedy. 

Revenge.
In any kind of revenge stories either in books or in movies there are different stories, scenario but the structure of that story would always remain same. 

Examples 
Badlapur
Sholey
Zanjeer
Kabil

and many more movies in which we can find same structure of revenge that somehow antagonist kill/hurt protagonist's relative and then protagonist take revenge to antagonist.

Love Story

examples
Devdas
Massan
2 states

In India there are many kind of conflict like class conflict between upper class and lower/poor class people, religion conflict, culture conflict and that is what the structure of Indian Bollywood cinema in the genre of love story. there would always one boy/girl belongs to a wealthy family and fall in love with a boy/girl who belongs to a poor family. and other is that the group/culture/conflict of boy and girl remain different, so their relatives oppose this love and story ends either with their Death or their happy marriage life.


Thursday, 5 April 2018

Thinking activity on Northrop Frye



What is Archetypal Criticism? What does the archetypal critic do?
Archetypal literary criticism is a type of critical theory that interprets a text by focusing on recurring myths and archetypes in the narrative, symbols, images, and character types in literary work.
Northrop Frye's concept of Archetypal Criticism.
Frye says that fry is try to defined that archetypal literature was to connect conscious and unconscious thinking way of idea of literature. collective unconscious in which all of history of human experience in continued and to which we all have access through our ‘subconscious minds’  
What is Frye trying prove by giving an analogy of ' Physics to Nature' and 'Criticism to Literature'?
Frye has given the idea of Archetypal Criticism in very unique and different way by comparing the human emotions to to the different seasons.
1. Spring
He denotes spring to comedy because comedy is a birth, reveal and recognition for hero and Spring season is also a kind of birth of a new season.
2. Summer
He compare summer to the romance because in summer we can see culmination of life and in romance we can see sort of triumph, usually in the form of marriage.
3. Winter
Winter season denotes satire because of its darkness, like satire winter consider as a dark season for European people.
4.Automn
Autumn season denotes tragedy, as it reflects the dying stage of life, in this season all the leaves of the tree fallen down and tree becomes lifeless.
Share your views of Criticism as an organised body of knowledge. Mention relation of literature with history and philosophy.
According to northrop Frye any kind of literature or work must be analyze on the basis of history, and direct jump to any conclusion us not a fair practice.
Briefly explain inductive method with illustration of Shakespeare's Hamlet's Grave Digger's scene.
In this scene we saw lots of conversation between the diggers, they are even singing and mocking on Ophelia sin, whether she allowed to buried or not. the work of grave diggers becomes general, so they are not worried about death body.
Briefly explain deductive method with reference to an analogy to Music, Painting, rhythm and pattern. Give examples of the outcome of deductive method.
The deductive method of analysis deals with the established meaning of work from the general truth to particular truth. So to explain deductive method of analysis here Frye illustrates Music and Painting and furthermore he also conveys that Music and Painting are general branch of literature while Rhythm is essential in both so
Music: Inductive method
Rhythm: Deductive method
Refer to the Indian seasonal grid (below). If you can, please read small Gujarati or Hindi or English poem from the archetypal approach and apply Indian seasonal grid in the interpretation. 
Kesudani kaliye besi
faganiyo laherayo
Ke ayo faganiyo, ke ayo faganiyo…
Rang bhari pichakari ude
haiye harakh na mayo,  
Ke ayo faganiy, ke ayo faganiyo...

Friday, 9 March 2018

Lies, Fiction and Alternative facts.

Lies, Fiction and Alternative Facts.


                       Here I am going to share my views about what is more harmful Lies, Fiction or Alternative Facts? lie and alternative fact can be included in Fiction. because Fiction is an imaginative story that becomes more interesting with the help of lie and alternative facts. 

Lies and Alternative Facts
                        Lie is something that is not true and Alternative fact is something that is also not true but accepted as kind of truth in literature. for example Sun rise in the west is a pure lie but it is possible in literature because literature is just an imagination and in imagination everything can be possible. Both lie and alternative fact are however connected to each other, we can consider them as two sides of one coin. lies are shown in literature very shrewdly in the form of alternative fact, so, for a writer whatever he/she shows to the reader in his/her creation is lies for him/her but for the reader that becomes alternative facts. so we can say that both lies and alternative facts are interwoven to each other.

Example of lies and alternative facts.

                         A good examples of lies and alternative facts are the movies that are based on the real life incidents or someone's real life story and an Autobiography of any person such as films like Bhaag Milkha Bhaag, M. S. Dhoni: The Untold Story, autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi, Nehru's autobiography etc. That kind of films and Autobiography are made as a lie but shown as an alternative facts. 

How Lies and Alternative Facts are harmful?

                          As per my views both is harmful because we don't know that whatever being shown in movies or written in books are whether truth or lie and though we believe it as an alternative facts and by this way billions of people believe in that direction that shown in movie or in an Autobiography without hesitation or fact check. If any movie is based on someone's real life incident, we can not say that it is all true even if it is real life story because there is space for alternative facts in literature that can make us emotionally fool. for example the movie Mangal Pandey there are many changes has been done and many fictional material has been added to the movie to make it interesting.  To see more differences about Mangal Pandey movie and his real life click here. we can also take an example of Azhar movie in which it is shown that he took a bribe but for explore the entire racket of match fixing but as a audience one can not judge even the fictional character of Mohammad Azharuddin then how to know about his real life or about the real incident of bribing. so, even the movie put the audience in the state of confusion that whether they should consider Azharuddin a match fixer or innocent person then how one come to about the reality. Salman Khan's hit and run case is also a kind of alternative fact for the people because if survey would be done on that, majority people will say that Salman Khan was guilty in spite of this fact everyone has to believe or accept Salman Khan as an innocent Man because lies about that case has been shown in the form of alternative fact through the judiciary of India though it is not a literature. I think one movie should be made on Salman Khan's hit and run case and I am sure it will be super hit movie. so, by this way lies are harmful because on the basis of films and Autobiography many people binds a notion about that person or that situation which might be completely opposite then their reality. 

Fiction.
Fiction is a literary form that is based on imaginary events and people that means there is space for imagination, one can describe or show anything that is not possible in reality, it can be possible in fiction. however the Fiction is the representation of lies and alternative facts because whatever comes into the fiction that is not true. As per my views Ramyan, Holy Bible and Quran are all a kind of fiction because people does not know the truth behind that books whether the situation shown in that kind of books were there or not? or the characters shown in this books like Ram, Mohammad, or Jesus were really existed in this world or not? so, by this way we can consider this books and their all characters as a pure imagination.

Which is more harmful? lies and alternatives fact or Fiction?

often it is consider that lies are more harmful than the Fiction but in my point of view Fiction is more harmful than the lies or alternative facts seen in the literature. Lies in literature is something that is produced by someone it means that someone or many people in this world are there/alive/existed who are aware or know the truth about that lie. for example if any director or writer shows the lie or alternative fact in his/her movie or Autobiography that expresses the real incident or story of someone's life, it is obvious that he/she add some lie in that creation because if they will show the whole truth about them then there is always a fear of being happen which has been done with Nawazuddin Siddiqui on presenting the naked truth of his life in his Biography. It does't mean that by showing the lies, it will become truth because there is truth of that lie is hidden in this world somewhere in the form of person/s (Witness), letters, literature, reviews etc. No doubt many people can be lead towards wrong directions about such incidents or about some persons by lie or alternative fact but it is also possible that they can come to know about the reality after some period of time and for that one has to research reexamine the creation to find new aspects of that scenario like New Historicist. so, one can come to know about the truth of particular lies and 'Recognition' can be happen, but in the matter of Fiction there is the expression of pure imagination that is I think beyond the lies and alternative facts. In Fiction even the writer or movie director does not know about the truth whatever he/she showing to the audience and even though they strive hard to prove it right, and audience also believe it as a truth and also applying in their own life. For example the character of Ram, Krishna, Mohammad, or Jesus are not a real characters, they are fictional characters because there is powerful proof or witness about their existence and though people are believing in them firmly and even always ready to die in the name of Ram or Mohammad. so, in Fiction many books and movies becomes 'intermediaries' that affecting/influencing the life of billions of people. so, by this way we can say that Fiction is somehow and at some extent more harmful than the Lies and alternative facts in our literature.



Friday, 9 February 2018

Movie review : Rang De Basantee.

Dear readers,
First of all I would like to thank our professor (H.O.D) of English Department, Bhavnagar University, Dr Dilip Barad sir, who organized film screening of Rang De Basantee (director: Rakeysh Om Prakash Mehra) on Independence day-2017 (India).


                                  my review on the movie.

 (1) movie explores two stories/two movies in one.

In The Kapil Sharma show, Kapil has asked in comic manner to Rakeysh Mehra that "don't you think that you shows two movies(stories) in your one films, and by this way audience take double entertainment in the purchase of one ticket? He answered on that question that as I usually take almost five years to make one film, that's why I believe that I should show more than others for the sake of audience's satisfaction.
So here, the statement of him in The Kapil Show can be prove through the movie Rang De Basanti and Mirzya.
 Rang De Basanti movie has two stories, one is that how the young generation tries to stand against the dull system of our government and second is that how the freedom fighters of India had tried to oppose the reign of English rulers even at the cost of their life. Though the freedom fighter movement seen very less in the movie. But,we can say that director wants to express that if we want India clean from the garbage of corruptions, scams, and lot of other things, than we should/must put our feet in those direction at which our freedom fighters has gone. In the movie mirzya, there is also two stories showed by rakeysh Mehra.

(2) Rakeysh Mehra has tried to hide something.
Yes, we can say that Rakeysh Om Prakash Mehra has tried to hide something before release Rang De Basanti.
when we search for the poster of Rang De Basanti or watch the movie trailer, we can not find even the glimpse of the story of freedom fighter's movement. From the poster and trailer of movie, we can say that, this movie would on the college life or on the theme of friendship as the posters indicates us.what would be the reason behind this? Is bacuase audience doesn't like the movies that shows the freedom fightining moment or audience always wants a kind of Masala Films(artificiality) rather than the naked truth.
       

(3) Marginalized character of Amir khan.
As a audience we always curiously waiting for the movie in which Amir Khan playing role and in 2006 also people would think that if Amir Khan is in the movie than movie would be worth watching because Amir had already proved his versatility by playing roles like Amar Damji in Baazi (1995), and Ajaysinh Rathore in Sarfarosh(1999) as a loyal and brave police inspector, in 'Jo Jeeta Wohi Sikandar' (1992) as a teenage boy Sanju, played a fabulous role and how can we forget that all time greatest movie 'Lagaan' shows virtuosity of Amir in the field of acting. so, it was obvious that audience would expect from Amir something more. But however director made his character powerless, he has shown as a kind of careless person, more importance has been given to the character of Siddharth Narayan who played a role of Bhagat Singh and also of  Karan Singhaniya. so, here we can say that Rakyesh Mehra has tries to manipulate the people by using Amir Khan.

(4) Very good and effective concept of the movie.

What I like most in this movie is the concept of this movie. Director has connect the youth of contemporary India (2006) to the youth of 1950s (Shahid Bhagat sinh, Ashfakullah Khan, Ramprasad Bismil etc.) Director tries to convey his message through the freedom fighters, he shows us that what type of youth any should have rather the what kind of youth India has in present time. The youth must not be like a people who are wandering on the bikes and who doesn't have the plan even of themselves' future but the, who are seen in the beginning of the movie like the character of  D.j, Karan, Aslam, but as movie goes on, director conveys to the audience that what is the power of youth and how a youth can change the whole scenario of the country. He tries to say thatyouth must be like Bhagat singh and others freedom fighters who were always awaken about the country and crystal clear about to take decisions that which verdict to take in present time despite that will decide their future, whom kind of youth can be seen as movie goes towards the climax. so, the journey of four characters Karan, Aslam, D,j and Sukhi from the rollicking young people to the deep thinking young people can be found here.

this movie shows many emotions/elements like fear, sympathy, anger, patriotism, revenge, happiness. so, at some point movie seem loose and boring but suddenly after little it looks more interesting, movie become success in grab the attention of audience constantly towards the story of the film.



Sunday, 31 December 2017

Thinking Activity on I.A.Richards 'Figurative Language'

                           
 I will discuss and analyse some poetry, Ghazal and some poetic lines of different poets through the theory of I.A. Richards 'Figurative Language'.



Historical sense and use of metaphors

(1) 

कवि के खयालात है चाय,
नेता के बयानात है चाय


किसीके दिलोकी आस है चाय,
तो सबकीे रूहकी प्यास है चाय

खामोश लबों की जुबां है चाय,
भटकते बेरोजगारो का मुकाम है चाय


जिन्दगी में कर लो इकठ्ठा अमानत चाय की,

क्यों की मैदाने महेशर में, 

हम सब की जमानत है चाय.
Ramiz...
                                   


                                In first few lines poet tries to give a huge form/importance to the tea. We all use tea in our day to day life but rarely notice that it works as a kind of energy to us. we often heard that from people that I would get the headache, if I miss my morning tea. here poet comparing tea with such elements. 
for example... 

कवि के खयालात है चाय,
नेता के बयानात है चाय



किसीके दिलोकी आस है चाय,
तो सबकीे रूहकी प्यास है चाय

खामोश लबों की जुबां है चाय,
भटकते बेरोजगारो का मुकाम है चाय

                               poet tries say that if there is no existence of tea in this world then may be such valuable would be miss in this world like the valuable thoughts of poet's mind, speeches of political leaders etc. Because many times we found that many people can not start their day without having tea. This same situation is also of poets, because same time without tea they can not write much effective. So, here tea has compared to the thoughts of the poets. Though the important lines are the last few lines because it is actually concerns with the essay of I.A Richards' 'Figurative Language'.

जिन्दगी में कर लो इकठ्ठा अमानत चाय की,
क्यों की मैदाने महेशर में, 
हम सब की जमानत है चाय.

                               Here poet has gives tea a kind of higher position which is related to our Karma. let's understand how?

                               These lines has concern with the myth of Maidan-E-Maheshar related to the Islam. It is belief in Islam that a soul of all the person after their death will go to the place called Maidan-E-Maheshar where they will remain till the day of judgement. At the day of judgement Allah (God) will tab the sin as well as righteousness of each and every person, and on the basis of this tab it will be decided that who will go to the heaven and who will go to the hell.
So, here by giving more importance to the tea poet interchanges a tea with the Sin and righteousness and says that if you wants to get the heaven then you must loving to the tea otherwise you will not get the bail to the heaven from the prison of Maidan-E-Maheshar.

Now if we take to analyse these lines from the viewpoint of I.A.Richards' principal 'difficulties found in poetry', we can find that if someone would read these lines without knowing the myth of Maidan-E-Maheshar then he/she may not be able to understand these lines. So, a kind of historical sense can be found in these last lines.

Historical sense and use of metaphors. 

                            Now, if we talk about the use of metaphors in any poetic creation then none other can be better then the song Afreen Afreen originally sung by 'Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan' and written by 'Javed Akhtar'. In this song/Ghazal we can find many metaphors for a body and face of lady.

So, let's see what kind of metaphors has used in this creation.



(2)

ऐसा देखा नहीं खूबसुरत कोई
जिस्म जैसे अजंता की मूरत कोई

जिस्म जैसे निगाहों पह जादू कोई 
जिस्म नगमा कोई जिस्म खुशबू कोई

जिस्म जैसे महकती हुई चाँदनी
जिस्म जैसे मचलती हुई रागिनी

जिस्म जैसे किः खिलता हुआ इक चमन
जिस्म जैसे की सूरज की पहली किरण
जिस्म तरशा हुआ दिलकश ओ दिलनशीं 

संदाली संदाली
मरमरी मरमरी

                            In this lines we can find many comparison between natural elements like moonshine, blossoming garden, the first light of dawn, warm and smooth sandalwood, pure and delicate marble to the beautiful body of a lady. Poet compare these elements to praise the body of a lady. 
                    
                             Important metaphor to notice is found in the first line where poet says that body is like the idol of Ajanta, (The caves of Ajanta-Ellora, Mumbai, India.) where we can find that almost all the idols of woman in Ajanta cave are naked and indicate the 'Love Rasa' (शृंगार रस) one of the nine 'Rasas' described in the theory of 'Rasa' in Bharat Muni's 'Natyashastra', which is consider as the Hindu scriptures or texts. The 'Love Rasa' is all about the myth of Shiva and Shakti in which it is said that creation of human is only happened for the enjoyment of love (Shringara), when Shiva and Shakti, male and female energies, who were one, decided to play game of hide and seek. Love is the most extreme happiness that two people can create together, leaving as the God and Goddess in a universe of their own. In this the relationship becomes rehearsal of surrender to the universe and the divine. So, here poet wants to compare the beauty of a lady (may be of his lover) with a beauty of a lady described in the myth of 'Love Rasa' through the idol of Ajanta.

                           so it can also called the historical sense of a poet because if someone does not know about the 'Love Rasa' then he/she may not understand the meaning of first line of this creation.  




चेहरा इक फूल की तरह शादाब है 
चेहरा उस का है या कोई महताब है 
चेहरा जैसे ग़ज़ल चेहरा जान ग़ज़ल 
चेहरा जैसे कली चेहरा जैसे कँवल 
चेहरा जैसे तसव्वुर भी तस्वीर भी 
चेहरा इक खाब भी चेहरा ताबीर भी 
चेहरा कोई अलिफ़ लैला की दास्ताँ 
चेहरा इक पल यकीं चेहरा इक पल गुमां 
चेहरा जैसा के चेहरा कहीं भी नहीं 
माहरु माहरु 
महजबीं महजबीं
Javed Akhtar


This time poet compare the beautiful face of a lady with such things like to the fresh flower, to the sheer poetry, to the artist's thoughts and also to its translation, he says that face is both dream as well as retaliation, her face is like magical tale.

(4)
बडी मुदद्तो से बंद था आज खुल जाने दे,
ख्वाबो में भी याद रख्खा था,
मगर अब तुजे भूल जाने दे,

इस रेत भरे दिल के समंदर में
बारिश का तुफान आया है अरसो बाद,

अब तेरी महोब्बत की अधुरी स्याही को,
मेरे दि्ल के कागज से धुल जाने दे

या इस बेवफाइ के जख्म को 
तेरी वफाइ के मरहम में घुल जाने दे......
Ramiz...

Actually it is very easy to understand this Ghazal but one can find such over exaggeration fron the poet in such lines like रेत भरा दिल का समंदर, how heart can be a full of sand.





कहीं पे निगाहें कहीं पे निशाना (make satire or do taunt on something or someone by saying it through other context)


Richards talk about a element of Tenor which means that sometime such poems or poetic lines seem very simple and understandable, but according to I.A.Richards there are such creations which seem simple but has a deeper meaning, and to find that deeper meaning one has to open the tenor of that lines.(which could be difficult sometime)

Here are some example given below which are look simple but justifies something else.


(1)
अभी गनीमत है सब्र मेरा,
 
  
अभी लबालब भरा नही हूँ ....
  
वो मुझको मुर्दा समझ रहा है,

     उसे कहो..... मैं मरा नही हूँ .....
वो कह रहे हैं कुछ दिनों में,
मिटा कर रख दूँगा नस्ल तेरी…

है उसकी आदत डरा रहा है,
     है मेरी फितरत, डरा नहीं हूँ…!!
Dr. Rahat Indori...

                                      What one would find on the first reading of this Ghazal. One would find that one person is warn to other that don't take him lightely he is stil alive and has the power to counter attack. We can interpreat this Ghazal in many ways for instance chalange to the God from human or chalange to the opponant country in the form of reaction, or it can also take as the reaction of a persom who has been a victim of someone.

(2) 
अगर ख़िलाफ़ हैं होने दो जान थोड़ी है
ये सब धुआँ है कोई आसमान थोड़ी है

लगेगी आग तो आएँगे घर कई ज़द में
यहाँ पे सिर्फ़ हमारा मकान थोड़ी है

मैं जानता हूँ के दुश्मन भी कम नहीं लेकिन
हमारी तरहा हथेली पे जान थोड़ी है

हमारे मुँह से जो निकले वही सदाक़त है
हमारे मुँह में तुम्हारी ज़ुबान थोड़ी है

जो आज साहिबे मसनद हैं कल नहीं होंगे
किराएदार हैं ज़ाती मकान थोड़ी है

सभी का ख़ून है शामिल यहाँ की मिट्टी में
किसी के बाप का हिन्दोस्तान थोड़ी है
Dr. Rahat Indori
                            
                            Now, once again on the first reading of this Ghazal one can not understand the deep meaning of this. If the last line derive from the Ghazal or if it would be represent anonymously one can't say for whose justice it has been written.

                             I think Rahat Indori has written this Ghazal for the particular community, who feels insecure in India (may be Muslim community) when some political leaders from different parties start to threaten them by give such kind of statements on media and on the platform of social medias. We can say that this is reaction to the action of that political leaders or (may be direct to the prime minister, Narendra Modi), but this is the sense of this poet that we can not prove what he actually wants to say or on whome he wants to taunt.

(3)
जुबा तो खोल, नज़र तो मिला,जवाब तो दे
में कितनी बार लुटा हु, मुझे हिसाब तो दे

तेरे बदन की लिखावट में हैं उतार चढाव
में तुझको कैसे पढूंगा, मुझे किताब तो दे
Dr.Rahat Indori

This is also a shayari in which it is seem that one beloved complaint about him/her failure to understand the nature of his/her.
But the actual meaning of this sher is that a person faced many difficulties and become failed many times in his/her life complaining to the Ggod and says that how can I understand the nature of you if you do not give me the strength/good luck to be successful, because as we all know unsuccessful people always believe God as a responsible element begind their failure, often it is seen that failed people have much more believe and faith in the spirit of God. 

                               So, both the things can be found in this shayari, first sher indicate a kind of complaint of human to the god and suddenly in second sher a kind of faithfulness but still complaint can be found.

(4)

तन्हाइ भी तन्हाइ में रोने लगी है,
तेरे खयालो से बेचेनी सी होने लगी है,

क्यां बेवफा किस्मत पाइ है मैने,
अब तो ये भी जाग जाग के सोने लगी है.
Ramiz...

The first two lines may be understand as a kind of relationship berween beloved and lover but now this relation has been broken and he/she does not want to think about him/her, because they become frustrate just by thought of him/her.

Then other sher is about the fate of human. Poet curse to his fate because his lover batrayed him.

But, this is not about the beloved and lover but it is written for the youth of India which youth striving hard to get the government job. But after lot of hardwork, somehow they become fail to get the job just because of few marks.

So, poet here says that now the youth of India has been tired by giving the compititive examination again again and become tire by being fail. Poet curse to fate by saying that fate is playiing to him because he passes the examination but still can not able to put his name inti the merit list and could not get the job that's why (किस्मत तो जागे के चलो पास हो गये, मगर मेरिट में ना आ पाए इस लिये लिखा गया है कि ये भि जाग जाग के सोने लगी).